物流機器人三部曲：機器人搬運+自動駕駛運輸+機器狗送貨
發布時間：
2023-02-10 11:30
物流系統主要包括了倉儲、運輸和投遞三個重要環節。物流系統無人化,包括了倉儲無人化、運輸無人化和投遞無人化。下面分三部分進行闡述,展示物流系統無人化的新姿勢。
The logistics system mainly includes three important links: storage, transportation and delivery. The unmanned logistics system includes unmanned storage, unmanned transportation and unmanned delivery. The following is divided into three parts to demonstrate the new posture of unmanned logistics system.
倉儲無人化
The warehouse is uninhabited
目前,倉儲無人化的主要是AGV的形式,包括亞馬遜、京東等電商平臺,建設無人倉的時候,大多采用這種方式。AGV方案趨于成熟,京東等國內電商平臺、物流公司,逐步建立了示范倉。 AGV的弊端在于,需要進行大規模的改造,線路流程固定化并且不易改動,并且要求貨物的高度統一,這也是為何京東的無人倉大多都是新建的為主。
At present, unmanned storage is mainly in the form of AGV, including Amazon, Jingdong and other e-commerce platforms. This method is mostly used when building unmanned warehouses. The AGV scheme is becoming mature, and Jingdong and other domestic e-commerce platforms and logistics companies have gradually established demonstration warehouses. The disadvantages of AGV lie in the need for large-scale transformation, the line process is fixed and not easy to change, and requires a high degree of unity of goods, which is why most of the unmanned warehouses in Jingdong are newly built.
動力的人形機器人取代了傳統的人類搬運工,將負責搬動貨物,而OTTO Motors的物流小車,負責運送貨物,整個過程都是無人化操作。相比AGV,線路更為自由,物品的尺寸可以更多樣化,當然了,前提是在Atlas的能力范圍內。
The powered humanoid robot replaces the traditional human Porter and will be responsible for moving goods, while the logistics car of Otto motors is responsible for transporting goods, and the whole process is unmanned operation. Compared with AGV, the line is more free, and the size of items can be more diversified, provided, of course, that atlas is within its capabilities.
人形機器人+自動駕駛物流小車的方案具備普遍適用性、無需特別改裝、貨物更多樣性等優點,現在的缺點可能就是太貴,以及維護方面的成本還需要驗證。
The scheme of humanoid robot + automatic driving logistics car has the advantages of universal applicability, no special modification, and more variety of goods. The disadvantages now may be that it is too expensive, and the cost of maintenance needs to be verified.
運輸無人化
Unmanned transportation
運輸無人化,主要是倉到倉之間的無人化。運輸無人化,目前主要是嘗試使用自動駕駛重卡進行倉到倉之間的運輸。運輸無人化,已經被物流公司視為未來的發展趨勢,UPS與Waymo、圖森未來的合作,就是物流公司的嘗試。倉到倉之間的運輸,是現在物流體系中成本最大的部分。 根據Plunkett Research的數據,以美國市場為例,包括航空、水運、鐵路、管道和卡車在內的貨運市場,價值大概是1萬億美元,而卡車運輸占據了其中的70%,也就是7000億美元。 而卡車運輸中,刨除車輛外的成本:司機成本約占33．3%,燃油成本約占33．3%,高速費約占33．3%。自動駕駛技術,瞄準的是司機成本的降低和燃油成本的降低(自動駕駛技術會讓車輛更省油)。 這也是自動駕駛技術在運輸無人化的最大動力。
Unmanned transportation, mainly from warehouse to warehouse. At present, the main purpose of unmanned transportation is to try to use automatic driving heavy truck to transport between warehouses. Unmanned transportation has been regarded as the future development trend by logistics companies. The future cooperation between UPS, waymo and Tucson is the attempt of logistics companies. The transportation from warehouse to warehouse is the most expensive part of logistics system. According to plumkett research, taking the U.S. market as an example, the freight market, including air, water, rail, pipeline and truck, is worth about $1 trillion, and truck transportation accounts for 70%, that is, 700 billion US dollars. In truck transportation, the cost of excluding vehicles: Driver cost accounts for 33.3%, fuel cost accounts for 33.3%, and high-speed cost accounts for 33.3%. Automatic driving technology aims at the reduction of driver cost and fuel cost (automatic driving technology will make the vehicle more fuel-efficient). This is also the biggest driving force for the unmanned transportation of automatic driving technology.
投遞無人化
Unmanned delivery
投遞無人化,更通俗易懂的描述是,最后一公里的配送無人化。投遞的過程,是復雜的。包括了最后一公里的運輸無人化,以及交付的無人化過程。 目前,國內志在最后一公里配送的公司,大多解決的是最后一公里的運輸問題,在交付過程,包括外賣的交付或快遞的交付,仍舊需要人員配合,或者是投遞到豐巢這樣的快遞柜,無法送到辦公室或用戶住宅。 “級聯機器人交付”系統,無人駕駛巴士負責的是運輸部分,而最重要的交付部分,則由機器狗來完成。機器狗在應對障礙物、崎嶇地形、電梯、樓梯等場景,都比輪式車輛要具備優勢。
Unmanned delivery, more easily understood description is, the last mile of distribution unmanned. The process of delivery is complex. It includes the unmanned transportation of the last kilometer and the unmanned process of delivery. At present, most of the domestic companies that aim to deliver the last kilometer solve the transportation problem of the last kilometer. In the delivery process, including the delivery of takeout or express delivery, personnel still need to cooperate, or deliver to the express cabinet such as Fengchao, which can not be delivered to the office or user's residence. In the "cascade robot delivery" system, the driverless bus is responsible for the transportation part, and the most important delivery part is completed by the robot dog. Robot dogs have advantages over wheeled vehicles in dealing with obstacles, rugged terrain, elevators, stairs and other scenes.
整個物流系統的無人化,無論是倉儲無人化,還是運輸無人化,或者是投遞無人化,都有著多種的解決方案,并且具備廣闊的應用市場。技術的發展,將會改變很多的職業,再不努力,搬磚都沒機會了!
The whole logistics system of unmanned, whether warehousing or transportation, or delivery, there are a variety of solutions, and has a broad application market. The development of technology will change a lot of occupations. If you don't work hard, you will have no chance to move bricks!
機器人