在使用焊接機器人的時候需要注意哪幾點？
發布時間：
2023-03-09 16:46
焊接機器人目前已經成為工業自動化領域中應用比較廣泛的，常見的應用領域主要有：汽車行業、新能源、電子電器、機械設備等。那么在使用焊接機器人的時候需要注意哪幾點呢？
At present, welding robots have become widely used in the field of industrial automation, and the common application fields are mainly: automobile industry, new energy, electronic appliances, mechanical equipment, etc. So what should be paid attention to when using welding robots?
1．必須進行示教作業
Teaching must be carried out
在機器人進行自動焊接前，操作人員必須示教機器人焊槍的軌跡和設定焊接條件等。
Before the robot carries out automatic welding, the operator must teach the robot the trajectory of the welding gun and set the welding conditions.
由于必須示教，所以機器人不面向多品種少量生產的產品焊接。
Due to the necessity of teaching, robots do not face the welding of products with many varieties and a small amount of production.
2．必須確保工件的精度
The accuracy of the workpiece must be ensured
機器人沒有眼睛，只能重復相同的動作。
The robot has no eyes and can only repeat the same action.
機器人軌跡精度為±0．1mm，以此精度重復相同的動作。
The robot trajectory accuracy is ± 0.1mm, and the same action is repeated with this accuracy.
焊接偏差大于焊絲半徑時，有可能焊接不好，所以工件精度應保持在焊絲半徑之內。
When the welding deviation is greater than the radius of the welding wire, the welding may not be good, so the workpiece accuracy should be kept within the radius of the welding wire.
3．焊接條件的設定取決于示教作業人員的技術水平
The setting of welding conditions depends on the technical level of teaching operators
操作人員進行示教時必須輸入焊接程序，焊槍姿態和角度，電流、電壓、速度等焊接條件。
The operator must input the welding procedure, welding torch posture and angle, current, voltage, speed and other welding conditions when teaching.
示教操作人員必須充分掌握焊接知識和焊接技巧。
The teaching operator must fully master the welding knowledge and welding skills.
4．必須充分注意安全
Full attention must be paid to safety
機器人是一種高速的運動設備，在其進行自動運行時絕對不允許人靠近機器人（必須設置安全護欄）。
The robot is a kind of high-speed moving equipment, and people are absolutely not allowed to approach the robot during its automatic operation (safety guardrails must be set).
操作人員必須接受勞動安全方面的專門教育，否則不準操作。
Operators must receive special education on labor safety, otherwise they are not allowed to operate.
要知道，在工業機器人進行焊接工作前一定要先檢查好工作環境以及配件的完整性，具體要確保以下幾點：
You should know that before the industrial robot carries out welding work, it is necessary to check the integrity of the working environment and accessories, specifically to ensure the following points:
1. 焊縫應清洗干凈，無油污、鐵銹、焊渣、割渣等雜物，允許有可焊性底漆。否則，將影響引弧成功率。定位焊由焊條焊改為氣體保護焊，同時對點焊部位進行打磨，避免因定位焊殘留的渣殼或氣孔，從而避免電弧的不穩甚至飛濺的產生。采用精度較高的裝配工裝以提高焊件的裝配精度。
The weld shall be cleaned and free of oil, rust, welding slag, cutting slag and other sundries, and weldable primer is allowed. Otherwise, the success rate of arc striking will be affected. The tack welding is changed from electrode welding to gas shielded welding. At the same time, the spot welding parts are polished to avoid the slag shell or air hole left by the tack welding, so as to avoid the instability of the arc and even the generation of spatter. Use assembly tooling with high accuracy to improve the assembly accuracy of weldments.
2. 要求工件的裝配質量和精度必須有較好的一致性。 應用焊接機器人應嚴格控制零件的制備質量，提高焊件裝配精度。零件表面質量、坡口尺寸和裝配精度將影響焊縫跟蹤效果。可以從編制焊接機器人專用的焊接工藝，對零件尺寸、焊縫坡口、裝配尺寸進行嚴格的工藝規定。
The assembly quality and accuracy of the workpiece must be consistent. The application of welding robot should strictly control the preparation quality of parts and improve the assembly accuracy of weldments. Part surface quality, groove size and assembly accuracy will affect the weld tracking effect. It is possible to make strict process regulations on part size, weld groove and assembly size from the preparation of special welding process for welding robot.
3. 一般零件和坡口尺寸公差控制在±0．8mm，裝配尺寸誤差控制在±1．5mm以內，焊縫出現氣孔和咬邊等焊接缺陷機率可大幅度降低。來提高零件制備質量和焊件裝配精度。
The size tolerance of general parts and groove shall be controlled within ± 0.8mm, and the assembly size error shall be controlled within ± 1.5mm. The probability of welding defects such as pores and undercuts in the weld can be greatly reduced. To improve the preparation quality of parts and the assembly accuracy of weldments.
焊接機器人